(1) Artificial intelligence

The term artificial intelligence has the meaning given such term in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401).

(2) Artificial intelligence model

The term artificial intelligence model means a component of an artificial intelligence system that is—

(3) Artificial intelligence system

The term artificial intelligence system means an engineered or machine-based system that—

(4) Critical infrastructure

The term critical infrastructure has the meaning given such term in section 1016(e) of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001 (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e)).

(5) Federal laboratory

The term Federal laboratory has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).

(6) Foundation model

The term foundation model means an artificial intelligence model trained on broad data at scale and is adaptable to a wide range of downstream tasks.

(7) National Laboratory

The term National Laboratory has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).

(8) Testbed

The term testbed means a facility or mechanism, virtual or otherwise, equipped for conducting rigorous, transparent, and replicable testing of tools and technologies, including artificial intelligence systems, to help evaluate the functionality, trustworthiness, usability, and performance of those tools or technologies.

Sec. 101. Center for Artificial Intelligence Standards and Innovation

The National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 22A (15 U.S.C. 278h–1) the following:

22B. Center for Artificial Intelligence Standards and Innovation

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Agency

The term agency has the meaning given the term Executive agency in section 105 of title 5, United States Code.

(2) Artificial intelligence

The term artificial intelligence has the meaning given such term in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401).

(3) Artificial intelligence blue-teaming

The term artificial intelligence blue-teaming means an effort to conduct operational vulnerability evaluations and provide mitigation techniques to entities who have a need for an independent technical review of the security posture of an artificial intelligence system.

(4) Artificial intelligence red-teaming

The term artificial intelligence red-teaming means structured adversarial testing efforts of an artificial intelligence system.

(5) Federal laboratory

The term Federal laboratory has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).

(6) Foundation model

The term foundation model means an artificial intelligence model trained on broad data at scale and is adaptable to a wide range of downstream tasks.

(7) Synthetic content

The term synthetic content means information, such as images, videos, audio clips, and text, that has been significantly modified or generated by algorithms, including by an artificial intelligence system.

(8) Testbed

The term testbed means a facility or mechanism, virtual or otherwise, equipped for conducting rigorous, transparent, and replicable testing of tools and technologies, including artificial intelligence systems, to help evaluate the functionality, trustworthiness, usability, and performance of those tools or technologies.

(9) Watermarking

The term watermarking means the act of embedding provenance and authenticity information that is intended to be difficult to remove, into outputs generated by artificial intelligence systems or in original content, including outputs such as text, images, audio, videos, software code, or any other digital content or data, for the purposes of verifying and maintaining the authenticity, integrity, and reliability of the output or the identity or characteristics of its provenance, modifications, or conveyance.

(b) Establishment of Center for Artificial Intelligence Standards and Innovation

(1) In general

Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2026, the Director shall establish a center on artificial intelligence within the Institute.

(2) Designation

The center established pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be known as the Center for Artificial Intelligence Standards and Innovation (in this section the Center).

(3) Mission

The mission of the Center is to assist the private sector and agencies in developing voluntary best practices for the robust assessment of artificial intelligence systems, which may be contributed to or inform the work on such practices in standards development organizations.

(c) Functions

(1) In general

The functions of the Center, which the Center shall carry out in coordination with the laboratories of the Institute, include the following:

(A)

Using publicly available or voluntarily provided information, assessing artificial intelligence systems and developing guidelines and best practices to measure and improve the secure development, deployment, and use of artificial intelligence technology.

(B)

Supporting artificial intelligence red-teaming, sharing best practices, and coordinating on building testbeds and test environments with allies and international partners of the United States.

(C)

Developing and publishing physical and cybersecurity tools, methodologies, best practices, voluntary guidelines, and other supporting information to assist persons who maintain systems used to create or train artificial intelligence models with discovering and mitigating vulnerabilities and attacks, including manipulation through data poisoning, including those that may be exploited by foreign adversaries.

(D)

Establishing artificial intelligence blue-teaming capabilities to support mitigation approaches and partnering with industry to address the reliability of artificial intelligence systems.

(E)

Developing tools, methodologies, best practices, and voluntary guidelines for detecting synthetic content, authenticating content and tracking of the provenance of content, labeling original and synthetic content, such as by watermarking, and evaluating software and systems relating to detection and labeling of synthetic content.

(F)

Coordinating or developing metrics and methodologies for testing artificial intelligence systems, including the following:

(i)

Cataloging existing artificial intelligence metrics and evaluation methodologies used in industry and academia.

(ii)

Testing the efficacy of existing metrics and evaluations.

(iii)

Documenting tools that assess reliability, accuracy, and robustness.

(G)

Coordinating with counterpart international institutions, partners, and allies to support global interoperability in the development of research and testing of standards relating to artificial intelligence.

(H)

Producing resources for Federal agencies to conduct their own evaluations of artificial intelligence systems to best fulfill their missions.

(I)

Convening meetings on a semiannual basis with Federal agencies and the private sector—

(i)

to share information and best practices on building artificial intelligence evaluations; and

(ii)

to accelerate the development and adoption of national standards for artificial intelligence systems in sectors including, biotechnology, agriculture, and health care.

(J)

Examining safeguards and best practices to secure artificial intelligence systems from cyber attacks.

(K)

Examining safeguards and best practices to protect against unintended use of artificial intelligence for the purpose of developing chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and energy-security threats or hazards.

(L)

Providing, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Director of the Cybersecurity and Information Security Agency, a toolkit for best practices in anticipating, responding to, and recovering from cybersecurity incidents involving artificial intelligence systems. Such toolkit may include guidance on remediating and responding to known artificial intelligence-specific vulnerabilities.

(M)

Developing, and curating, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, a list of high-priority occupations for training for the advancement and deployment of artificial intelligence.

(N)

Developing best practices on minimum data quality standards for the use of biological, material science, chemical, physical, and other scientific areas in artificial intelligence model training.

(O)

Examining, in consultation with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, the vulnerabilities in the supply chain of hardware, including semiconductors and microelectronics, that are critical to enabling the development and deployment of artificial intelligence.

(P)

Examining ways in which artificial intelligence may be used by the Federal Government in combating fraud and other unfair or deceptive practices.

(Q)

Identify proven, scalable, and interoperable techniques and metrics to promote the development of artificial intelligence.

(d) Center for Artificial Intelligence Standards and Innovation Consortium

(1) Establishment

(A) In general

Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2026, the Director shall establish a consortium of stakeholders from academic or research communities, Federal laboratories, private industry, including companies of all sizes with different roles in the use of artificial intelligence systems, including developers, deployers, evaluators, users, and civil society with expertise in matters relating to artificial intelligence to support the Center in carrying out the functions set forth under subsection (c).

(B) Designation

The consortium established pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall be known as the Center for Artificial Intelligence Standards and Innovation Consortium.

(2) Consultation

The Director shall consult with the consortium established under this subsection not less frequently than quarterly.

(3) Annual reports to Congress

Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2026 and not less frequently than once each year thereafter, the Director shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a report summarizing the contributions of the members of the consortium established under this subsection in support the efforts of the Center.

(e) Voluntary artificial intelligence testing standards

In carrying out the functions under subsection (c), the Director shall support and contribute to the development of voluntary, consensus-based technical standards for testing artificial intelligence system components, including by addressing, as the Director considers appropriate, the following:

(1)

Physical infrastructure for training or developing artificial intelligence models and systems, including cloud infrastructure.

(2)

Physical infrastructure for operating artificial intelligence systems, including cloud infrastructure.

(3)

Data for training artificial intelligence models.

(4)

Data for evaluating the functionality and trustworthiness of trained artificial intelligence models and systems.

(5)

Trained or partially trained artificial intelligence models and any resulting software systems or products.

(6)

Human-in-the-loop testing of artificial intelligence models and systems.

(f) Matters relating to disclosure and access

(1) FOIA exemption

Any confidential content, as deemed confidential by the contributing private sector person, shall be exempt from public disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United States Code.

(2) Limitation on access to content

Access to a contributing private sector person’s voluntarily provided confidential content, as deemed confidential by the contributing private sector person shall be limited to the private sector person and the Center.

(3) Aggregated information

The Director may make aggregated, deidentified information available to contributing companies, the public, and other agencies, as the Director considers appropriate, in support of the purposes of this section.

(g) Rule of construction

Nothing in this section shall be construed to provide the Director any enforcement authority that was not in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2026.

(h) Prohibition on access to resources for entities under control of certain foreign governments

(1) Definitions

In this subsection:

(A) Covered nation

The term covered nation has the meaning given that term in section 4872 of title 10, United States Code.

(B) Ownership, control, or influence of the government of a covered nation

The term ownership, control, or influence of the government of a covered nation, with respect to an entity, means the government of a covered nation—

(i)

has the power to direct or decide matters affecting the entity's management or operations in a manner that could—

(I)

result in unauthorized access to classified information; or

(II)

adversely affect performance of a contract or agreement requiring access to classified information; and

(ii)

exercises that power—

(I)

directly or indirectly;

(II)

through ownership of the entity's securities, by contractual arrangements, or other similar means;

(III)

by the ability to control or influence the election or appointment of one or more members to the entity's governing board (such as the board of directors, board of managers, or board of trustees) or its equivalent; or

(IV)

prospectively (such as by not currently exercising the power, but could).

(2) In general

An entity under the ownership, control, or influence of the government of a covered nation may not access any of the resources of the Center.

(3) Criteria for identification

The Director, working with the heads of the relevant Federal agencies, shall establish criteria to determine if any entity that seeks to utilize the resources of the Center is under the ownership, control, or influence of the government of a covered nation.

Sec. 102. Interagency coordination and program to facilitate artificial intelligence testbeds

Sec. 103. National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Energy testbed to identify, test, and synthesize new materials

Sec. 104. Coordination, reimbursement, and savings provisions

Sec. 105. Progress report

Sec. 111. International coalitions on innovation, development, and alignment of standards with respect to artificial intelligence

Sec. 121. Comptroller General of the United States identification of risks and obstacles relating to artificial intelligence and Federal agencies

(a) In general

Title LI of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9411 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

5103A. Public data for artificial intelligence systems

(a) List of priorities

(1) In general

To expedite the development of artificial intelligence systems in the United States, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (in this section referred to as the Director) shall, acting through the National Science and Technology Council and the Interagency Committee and in consultation with the Advisory Committee on Data for Evidence Building established under section 315 of title 5, United States Code, develop a list of priorities for Federal investment in creating or improving curated, publicly available Federal Government data for training and evaluating artificial intelligence systems and identify an appropriate location to host curated datasets.

(2) Requirements

(A) In general

The list developed pursuant to paragraph (1) shall—

(i)

prioritize data that will advance novel artificial intelligence systems in the public interest;

(ii)

prioritize datasets that are the result of scientific research that was funded by the Federal Government; and

(iii)

prioritize datasets unlikely to independently receive sufficient private sector support to enable their creation, absent Federal funding.

(B) Datasets identified

In carrying out subparagraph (A)(ii), the Director shall identify 20 datasets to be prioritized.

(3) Considerations

In developing the list under paragraph (1), the Director shall consider the following:

(A)

Applicability to the initial list of societal, national, and geostrategic challenges set forth by subsection (b) of section 10387 of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19107), or any successor list.

(B)

Applicability to the initial list of key technology focus areas set forth by subsection (c) of such section, or any successor list.

(C)

Applicability to other major United States economic sectors, such as agriculture, health care, transportation, manufacturing, biotechnology, communications, weather services, and positive utility to small- and medium-sized United States businesses.

(D)

Opportunities to improve datasets in effect before the date of the enactment of the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2026.

(E)

Inclusion of data representative of the entire population of the United States.

(F)

Potential national security threats to releasing datasets, consistent with the United States Government approach to data flows.

(G)

Requirements of laws in effect.

(H)

Applicability to the priorities listed in the National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan of the National Science and Technology Council, dated October 2016, and subsequent updates, and the priorities listed in Winning the Race, America’s AI Action Plan, dated July 2025.

(I)

Ability to use data already made available to the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource Pilot program or any successor program.

(J)

Coordination with other Federal open data efforts, as applicable.

(K)

Requirements for researchers funded by the Federal Government to disclose nonproprietary, nonsensitive datasets that are used by artificial intelligence models during the course of research and development.

(L)

Opportunities for the National Science Foundation to maintain integrated, interoperable, and multimodal datasets readily providing access to scientific and engineering demonstration projects.

(4) Public input

Before finalizing the list required by paragraph (1), the Director shall implement public comment procedures for receiving input and comment from private industry, academia, civil society, and other relevant stakeholders.

(b) Interagency Committee

In carrying out this section, the Interagency Committee—

(1)

may establish or leverage existing initiatives, including through public-private partnerships, for the creation or improvement of curated datasets identified in the list developed pursuant to subsection (a)(1), including methods for addressing data scarcity;

(2)

may apply the priorities set forth in the list developed pursuant to subsection (a)(1) to the enactment of Federal public access and open government data policies;

(3)

shall ensure consistency with Federal provisions of law relating to privacy, including the technology and privacy standards applied to the National Secure Data Service under section 10375(f) of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19085(f)); and

(4)

shall ensure that no data sharing is permitted with any country that the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Energy, and the Director of National Intelligence, determines to be engaged in conduct that is detrimental to the national security or foreign policy of the United States.

(c) Availability of datasets

Datasets that are created or improved pursuant to this section—

(1)

shall, in the case of a dataset created or improved by a Federal agency, be made available to the comprehensive data inventory developed and maintained by the Federal agency pursuant to section 3511(a) of title 44, United States Code, in accordance with all applicable regulations; and

(2)

may be made available to the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource pilot program established by the Director of the National Science Foundation, and the applicable programs established by the Department of Energy, in accordance with Executive Order 14110 (88 Fed. Reg. 75191; relating to safe, secure, and trustworthy development and use of artificial intelligence), or any successor program.

(d) Report

Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2026, the Director shall, acting through the National Science and Technology Council and the Interagency Committee, submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a report that includes—

(1)

best practices in developing publicly curated artificial intelligence datasets;

(2)

lessons learned and challenges encountered in developing the curated artificial intelligence datasets;

(3)

principles used for artificial intelligence-ready data;

(4)

recommendations relating to artificial intelligence-ready data standards and potential processes for development of such standards;

(5)

recommendations for maintaining and expanding the availability of high-quality data sets;

(6)

recommendations for methods to increase incentives for researchers support by the Federal Government to release high-quality publicly available datasets, that protects against risks to disclosure of personally identifiable information and national and economic security risks; and

(7)

recommendations for establishing secure compute environments at the National Science Foundation to enable secure artificial intelligence use cases for controlled access to restricted Federal data.

(e) Rules of construction

(1) In general

Nothing in this section shall be construed to require the Federal Government or other contributors to disclose any information—

(A)

relating to a trade secret or other protected intellectual property right;

(B)

that is confidential business information; or

(C)

that is privileged.

(2) Disclosure to public datasets

Except as specifically provided for in this section, nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the head of a Federal agency from withholding information from a public dataset.

(b) Clerical amendments

The table of contents at the beginning of section 2 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the table of contents at the beginning of title LI of such Act are both amended by inserting after the items relating to section 5103 the following new item:

(a) In general

Title LI of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9411 et seq.), as amended by section 201, is further amended by adding at the end the following new section:

5107. Federal grand challenges in artificial intelligence

(a) Establishment of program

(1) In general

Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2026, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (acting through the National Science and Technology Council) and the Interagency Committee may establish a program to award prizes, using the authorities and processes established under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719), to eligible participants as determined by the co-chairs of the Interagency Committee pursuant to subsection (e).

(2) Purposes

The purposes of the program required by paragraph (1) are as follows:

(A)

To expedite the development of artificial intelligence systems in the United States.

(B)

To stimulate artificial intelligence research, development, and commercialization that solves or advances specific, well-defined, and measurable challenges in 1 or more of the categories established pursuant to subsection (b).

(b) Federal grand challenges in artificial intelligence

(1) List of priorities

The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (acting through the National Science and Technology Council) and the Interagency Committee and in consultation with industry, civil society, and academia, shall identify, and annually review and update as the Director considers appropriate, a list of priorities for Federal grand challenges in artificial intelligence pursuant to the purposes set forth under subsection (a)(2).

(2) Initial list

(A) Contents

The list established pursuant to paragraph (1) may include the following priorities:

(i)

To overcome challenges with engineering of and applied research on microelectronics, including through integration of artificial intelligence with emerging technologies, such as neuromorphic and quantum computing, or with respect to the physical limits on transistors, advanced interconnects, and memory elements.

(ii)

To promote transformational or long-term advancements in computing and artificial intelligence technologies through—

(I)

next-generation algorithm design;

(II)

next-generation compute capability;

(III)

generative and adaptive artificial intelligence for design applications;

(IV)

photonics-based microprocessors and optical communication networks, including electrophotonics;

(V)

the chemistry and physics of new materials;

(VI)

biotechnology, such as modeling a single cell;

(VII)

energy use or energy efficiency;

(VIII)

techniques to establish cryptographically secure content provenance information; or

(IX)

safety and controls for artificial intelligence applications.

(iii)

To promote explainability and mechanistic interpretability of artificial intelligence systems.

(iv)

To advance fundamental understanding of artificial intelligence, including through breakthroughs in theoretical, computational, and experimental methods that discover new and transformative paradigms that explain the advanced capabilities of artificial intelligence in domains such as the following:

(I)

Interpretability.

(II)

Control.

(III)

Steerability.

(IV)

Robustness against foreign adversaries.

(v)

To develop artificial intelligence solutions, including through integration among emerging technologies such as neuromorphic and quantum computing to overcome barriers relating to innovations in advanced manufacturing in the United States, including areas such as—

(I)

materials, nanomaterials, and composites;

(II)

rapid, complex design;

(III)

sustainability and environmental impact of manufacturing operations;

(IV)

predictive maintenance of machinery;

(V)

improved part quality;

(VI)

process inspections;

(VII)

worker safety; and

(VIII)

robotics.

(vi)

To develop artificial intelligence solutions in sectors of the economy, such as expanding the use of artificial intelligence in maritime vessels, including in navigation and in the design of propulsion systems and fuels.

(vii)

To develop artificial intelligence solutions to improve border security, including solutions relevant to the detection of fentanyl, illicit contraband, and other illegal activities.

(viii)

To develop artificial intelligence for science applications.

(ix)

To develop cybersecurity for artificial intelligence-related intellectual property, such as artificial intelligence systems and artificial intelligence algorithms, including robustness, resilience, and security from foreign adversaries.

(x)

To develop artificial intelligence solutions to modernize code and software systems that are deployed in government agencies and critical infrastructure and are at risk of maintenance difficulties due to code obsolescence or challenges finding expertise in outdated code bases.

(xi)

To develop solutions to reduce the energy consumption in developing, deploying, and maintain data-efficient and high-performance artificial intelligence models.

(xii)

To develop methods to prevent misuse of artificial intelligence systems for malicious purposes.

(xiii)

To find applications of artificial intelligence in wireless communications systems, including cellular networks and cybersecurity efforts.

(xiv)

To advance the capabilities of artificial intelligence, robotics, and automation for physical laboratory infrastructure and cloud laboratories.

(3) Consultation on identification and selection of grand challenges

The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Director of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, such agency heads as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy considers relevant, and the National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee shall each identify and select artificial intelligence research and development grand challenges in which eligible participants will compete to solve or advance for prize awards under subsection (a).

(4) Public input on identification

The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall also seek public input on the identification of artificial intelligence research and development grand challenges under subsection (a).

(5) Problem statements; success metrics

For each priority for a Federal grand challenge identified under paragraph (1) and the grand challenges identified and selected under paragraph (3), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall—

(A)

establish a specific and well-defined grand challenge problem statement and ensure that such problem statement is published on a website linking out to relevant prize competition listings on the website Challenge.gov, or successor website, that is managed by the General Services Administration; and

(B)

establish and publish on the website Challenge.gov, or successor website, clear targets, success metrics, and validation protocols for the prize competitions designed to address each grand challenge, in order to provide specific benchmarks that will be used to evaluate submissions to the prize competition.

(c) Federal investment initiatives authorized

Subject to the availability of amounts appropriated for this purpose, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Transportation, the Director of the National Science Foundation may, consistent with the missions or responsibilities of each Federal agency, establish 1 or more prize competitions under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719), challenge-based acquisitions, or other research and development investments that each agency head deems appropriate consistent with the list of priorities established pursuant to subsection (b)(1).

(d) Requirements

(1) In general

The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall develop requirements for—

(A)

the process for prize competitions under subsections (a) and (c), including eligibility criteria for participants, consistent with the requirements under paragraph (2); and

(B)

testing, judging, and verification procedures for submissions to receive a prize award under subsection (c).

(2) Eligibility requirement and judging

(A) Eligibility

In accordance with the requirement described in section 24(g)(3) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719(g)(3)), a recipient of a prize award under subsection (c)—

(i)

that is a private entity shall be incorporated in and maintain a primary place of business in the United States; and

(ii)

who is an individual, whether participating singly or in a group, shall be a citizen or permanent resident of the United States.

(B) Judges

In accordance with section 24(k) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719(k)), a judge of a prize competition under subsection (c) may be an individual from the private sector.

(3) Agency leadership

Each agency head carrying out an investment initiative under subsection (c) shall ensure that—

(A)

for each prize competition or investment initiative carried out by the agency head under such subsection, there is—

(i)

a positive impact on the economic competitiveness of the United States;

(ii)

a benefit to United States industry;

(iii)

to the extent possible, leveraging of the resources and expertise of industry and philanthropic partners in shaping the investments; and

(iv)

in a case involving development and manufacturing, use of advanced manufacturing in the United States; and

(B)

all research conducted for purposes of the investment initiative is conducted in the United States.

(e) Reports

(1) Notification of winning submission

Not later than 60 days after the date on which a prize is awarded under subsection (c), the agency head awarding the prize shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, and such other committees of Congress as the agency head considers relevant a report that describes the winning submission to the prize competition and its benefits to the United States.

(2) Biennial report

(A) In general

Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2026, and biennially thereafter, the heads of agencies described in subsection (c) shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, and such other committees of Congress as the agency heads consider relevant a report that includes—

(i)

a description of the activities carried out by the agency heads under this section;

(ii)

a description of the active competitions and the results of completed competitions under subsection (c); and

(iii)

efforts to provide information to the public on active competitions under subsection (c) to encourage participation.

(B) Public accessibility

The agency heads described in subsection (c) shall make the biennial report required under subparagraph (A) publicly accessible, including by posting the biennial report on a website in an easily accessible location, such as the GovInfo website of the Government Publishing Office.

(f) Accessibility

In carrying out any competition under subsection (c), the head of an agency shall post the active prize competitions and available prize awards under subsection (b) to Challenge.gov, or successor website, after the grand challenges are selected and the prize competitions are designed pursuant to subsections (c) and (e) to ensure the prize competitions are widely accessible to eligible participants.

(g) Sunset

This section shall terminate on the date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2026.

(b) Comptroller General of the United States studies and reports

(c) Clerical amendments

The table of contents at the beginning of section 2 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the table of contents at the beginning of title LI of such Act, as amended by section 201, are both amended by inserting after the items relating to section 5107 the following new item:

(a) In general

Subsection (b) of section 6 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 275) is amended, in the second sentence, by striking 15 and inserting 30.

(b) Modification of sunset

Subsection (c) of such section is amended by striking under section (b) shall expire on the date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this section and inserting under subsection (b) shall expire on December 30, 2035.

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(b) Certification

(c) Audit